Removal of calculus -tartar:

• Calculus is hardened plaque that has been left on the tooth for some time and firmly attached to the tooth surface, which cannot be removed only by application of tooth – brushes. Calculus forms above and below the gum line and can only be removed with special dental instruments.
• Removal of plaque: Plaque on teeth is sticky is a sticky almost invisible film that forms on the teeth. It is a growing colony of living bacteria, food debris, and saliva. Scientists call plaque a “biofilm” because it’s actually a community of living microbes surrounded by a gluey polymer layer. The sticky coating helps the microbes attach to surfaces in your mouth so they can grow into thriving microcolonies. The bacteria produce toxins that inflame the gums. This inflammation is the start of periodontal disease. Removal of Plaques improves the overall health of patients also.